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- Essay Name : 1026.txt
- Uploader : Rich Laban
- Email Address :
- Language : english
- Subject : Health
- Title : Post Acute Withdrawal
- Grade : 80%
- School System : graduate school
- Country : USA
- Author Comments :
- Teacher Comments :
- Date : 11/14/96
- Site found at : web search
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- POST-ACUTE WITHDRAWAL (P.A.W.)
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- Post Acute Withdrawal or P.A.W. is a sobriety-based symptom that makes
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- abstinence difficult and often contributes to relapse. The presence of brain
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- dysfunction and change in alcoholics has been documented in 75-95% of recovering
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- alcoholics tested from a neurological standpoint. These symptoms begin to appear
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- in 7-14 days after abstinence and can continue for a period of six months (or
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- longer). Recovery and the accompanying changes in family, social and work spheres,
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- generates a great deal of stress for which some people never learn to manage
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- without reusing. The severity of P.A.W. depends on two things:
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- 1. Severity of brain dysfunction
- 2. Amount of psycho-social stress experienced in recovery
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- Stress of any kind can aggravate the brain dysfunction, which would heighten the
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- magnitude of the symptoms. P.A.W. will peak in intensity over a 3-6 month period
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- but the damage is usually reversible after a period of time if proper treatment is
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- received. Recovery from the nervous system damage usually requires anywhere from
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- 6-to-24 months with involvement in a health program.
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- There are 6 major symptoms of P.A.W. First, the person will have an Inability
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- to think clearly as evidenced by poor concentration and rigid and repetitive
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- thinking. They will also have Memory problems as seen with being unable to retain
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- something heard or forgetting things within 20 minutes. Persons with P.A.W. tend
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- to be emotionally over-reactive or experience emotional numbness in situations.
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- They will also experience varying degrees of sleep disturbances with either too
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- much or too little sleep or sleeping at different times of day and having
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- nightmares or powerful 'drug dreams'. They will encounter physical coordination
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- problems as seen with clumsiness and being accident prone. They may report this
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- as balance difficulty. The term "dry drunk" is derived from these symptoms.
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- Stress Sensitivity is a factor that makes it hard to distinguish between low and
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- high stress and often prompts the person to be over-reactive to stress. It is
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- fairly easy to recognize the interplay each of these symptoms would have in
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- triggering one another. For example, a person who is not sleeping well would
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- experience an increase in frustration tolerance which could be further aggravated
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- by trouble remembering certain tasks with a job.
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- It is necessary to understand and learn about P.A.W. and to recognize
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- that a person experiencing these effects is not incompetent and not going
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- crazy. P.A.W. symptoms are not the same for everyone nor does every person in
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- early recovery experiences any significant P.A.W. symptoms. Traditional drug and
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- alcohol treatment has not addressed these symptoms because they were unrecognized
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- until recent times. With the proper education with regard to necessary measures
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- and healthy activities, further degenerative changes can be averted to a more
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- stable phase of P.A.W. The stable period of P.A.W. would then progress to a more
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- regenerative state of brain healing. Even in the absence of any P.A.W. symptoms,
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- there remains the risk for them to recur during the critical period of 3-6 months.
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- Proper management of P.A.W. symptoms is a MUST. Accurate recognition of stress
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- producing factors is key along with learning how to both reduce or manage stress.
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- Once the sources of stress are identified, specific skills-training along with
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- decision making and problem solving education can help reduce stress. Proper diet,
- exercise, regularity with daily habits and a positive attitude can all contribute
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- to a manageable control of P.A.W. Several suggestions to help interrupt P.A.W.
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- symptoms might include the following. Having the ability to Verbalize and talk
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- about the P.A.W.-based symptoms is critical. Extending this to deeper expression
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- or Ventilation of feelings and thoughts can provide balance and feedback before
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- impulsively acting on the experiences. Reality Testing, in this context, refers
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- to the process of asking others to validate your perceptions and behaviors and
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- 'checking things out'. Effective Problem Solving and Goal Setting skills can
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- also thwart P.A.W. symptoms and allow one to make healthier choices in life and
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- gain control over decisions and in effecting change; Backtracking is a process by
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- which the person will think back over what has happened (with a P.A.W. experience)
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- and identify how the episode started and what could have minimized the P.A.W.
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- experience. By recollecting other episodes of P.A.W. and recalling what worked
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- and did not work in terms of alleviating the symptoms brings forth a conscious
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- effort to process these events which can lead to both greater control as well as
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- reduction of P.A.W. symptoms.
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- Retaining is a competency that involves practicing certain skills in a safe
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- environment that can lead to an increase in self confidence. This might include
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- learning how to approach a problem step-by-step and to handle one element of a
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- problems at a time in order to avoid becoming overwhelmed. It could include
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- writing things down in order to assist remembering and in facilitating questions
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- when clarification is needed. Learning about the symptoms of P.A.W., knowing what
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- to expect, and not overreacting to the symptoms, increase one's ability to function
- appropriately and effectively.
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- Nutrition is especially important to the recovery process and in combatting
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- P.A.W. Poor health contributes to stress and malnutrition contributes to poor
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- health, physically and emotionally. Changes with physiological systems, caused
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- by the addiction, may prohibit one's body from utilizing consumed nutrients.
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- Abstinence alone will help some, but is usually not enough. A recommended diet
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- for an early recovering individual would be three well-balanced meals daily, three
- nutritious snacks daily and the avoidance of sugar and caffeine. Both concentrated
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- sweets and over-the-counter stimulants (caffeine being one) give the body a "quick
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- pick up" but one experiences a "let-down" about an hour later. Nervousness,
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- irritability and sleeplessness, along with restlessness and concentration
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- difficulties can accompany this which would inflame the P.A.W process.
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- Exercise is also important in reducing P.A.W. symptoms. Exercise can
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- stimulate the production of endorphins and other brain neurotransmitters. These
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- chemicals are natural chemical transmitters in our brains that regulate all of our
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- thoughts, feelings and behaviors and also help to reduce pain, anxiety and tension.
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- Different types of exercises are helpful for different reasons. Stretching and
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- aerobic exercises are probably most helpful for recovery needs in that stretching
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- exercises help to keep the body limber and to relieve muscle tensions while
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- aerobics are rhythmical and vigorous exercises for large muscles. Aerobics are
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- intended to raise the heart rate to 75% of its maximum rate and maintain that rate
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- for at least 20-30 minutes. Aerobic exercises are recommended and may include
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- jogging, swimming, jumping rope and cycling. It is important for the client to
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- choose a form of exercise that is personally enjoyable.
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- Relaxation is another prescription for the treatment of P.A.W. is often
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- claimed to be used for reducing stress and as well a producing serenity. Relaxation
- is also a highly individualized activity and examples might include reading, body
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- massage, laughter, musical pursuits, crafts and hobbies and other creative
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- endeavors. Deep relaxation provides balances to autonomic systems and initiates
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- parasympathetic activity which reduces stress hormones (i.e., adrenalin). By
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- following some of the guidelines presented above, the debilitating effects of Post-
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- Acute Withdrawal can be reduced or avoided.
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